For some kinds of dark patches, yes. Chemical peels are used on several of them, melasma included.
Which patches peels are used for
NCBI PMC says chemical peels can be used to treat photoaging, lentigines, melasma, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Reading on peels and melasma
Cedars-Sinai has a page on what a chemical peel is. Since melasma is one of the patch types in question, the MedlinePlus melasma encyclopedia entry is a good companion.
Matching the peel to your patches
Ask the provider which of those patch types you have before choosing a peel.
When the patch type is not what you assumed
The answer changes if the patches turn out to be a different type than you assumed. Ask for that diagnosis before the first peel.